This book describing ecology and ecosystem as bio network, further we discussed the components of bio network, fundamental operations, energy flow, food-chain, food-webs including trophic levels, ecological niche, abiotic and biotic factors, characteristics and regulation of population, ecological succession and finally animal adaptation at various level. In the second chapter, we discussed about microorganisms, microbial physiology, infection of bacteria and viruses along with bacterial and viral diseases. The aim of chapter 3 was to introduce the ethology, in which we have deliberated various aspects of animal behaviour, patterns, biorhythms, memory and migration of fishes and birds. In the last chapter, the sources, types and control of environmental pollution has been discussed.
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